Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance · chapter 7 · id grit-c7-05-in-the-national-spelling-bee-g

“In the National Spelling Bee, grittier spellers engaged in more deliberate practice (studying alone) rather than more enjoyable activities like being quizzed or reading for pleasure, and this explained their better performance.”

holdsconfidence: high⚠ extracted by pipeline, re-audit pending

Receipts

Duckworth, Kirby, Tsukayama, Berstein & Ericsson (2011), Social Psychological and Personality Sciencepaywalled — manual check queued

Deliberate practice -- operationally defined as studying and memorizing words while alone -- better predicted final round reached than being quizzed by others or reading for pleasure.

ResearchGate - Duckworth et al. (2011) Spelling Bee studypaywalled — manual check queued

Rated as the most effortful and least enjoyable type of preparation, deliberate practice mediated the prediction of final performance by grit.

Academia.edu - Duckworth et al. (2011) full textsource alive

Grittier spellers invested more time in deliberate practice and this mediated their superior performance at the National Spelling Bee.

This claim is a stable, citable object. If you can falsify a verdict, tell us — corrections are loud here.